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The Legal Framework for Settling Labour Disputes in Iraq: Mediation, Arbitration and Specialised Courts
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Seyed Ali Mirdamad1   , Noor Al-Yasari2 |
1- Faculty Member, Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute and Lecturer at Faculty of Law, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
2- PhD Student, Faculty of Law, University of Qom, Qom, Iran. |
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Abstract: (7 Views) |
| This article examines the legal structure governing the settlement of labour disputes in Iraq, with particular attention to the relationship between the nature of a dispute and the available conciliatory, arbitral and judicial mechanisms. Its central concern is whether the coexistence of different settlement avenues offers effective protection to workers while respecting the legitimate interests of employers. Using a descriptive and analytical method based on the underlying dissertation, the article examines individual and collective labour disputes, the regulation of employment relationships, the evolution of Iraqi labour legislation, mediation and arbitration, and the role of specialised labour courts. The analysis distinguishes voluntary settlement from binding adjudication and explains why their procedural coordination matters. It finds that the existence of several institutions is insufficient without clear jurisdictional rules, accessible procedures, appropriate time frames and enforceable decisions. Procedural complexity, delays and insufficient legal awareness can undermine the practical value of statutory protections. The study accordingly proposes a better integration of conciliation and adjudication, clearer procedural guidance, institutional support for mediation, and specialised judicial training. These measures can reinforce both procedural fairness and the stability of employment relations. |
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| Keywords: Labour Disputes, Iraqi Labour Law, Mediation, Arbitration, Labour Courts, Judicial Settlement. |
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Full-Text [PDF 654 kb]
(5 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/10/22 | Accepted: 2026/02/20 | Published: 2026/02/20
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